Gukoresha metasurface kugirango utezimbere inyungu no kwigunga antenne yagutse ya PCB kuri sisitemu y'itumanaho ya 5G sub-6 GHz

Uyu murimo urasaba guhuza byinshi-kwinjiza byinshi-bisohoka (MIMO) metasurface (MS) antenne ya Broadband antenna ya sub-6 GHz ya gatanu ya 5 (5G) sisitemu y'itumanaho ridafite umugozi. Agashya kagaragara muri sisitemu ya MIMO yatanzwe nigikorwa kinini cyagutse, inyungu nyinshi, ibintu bito bito, hamwe no kwigunga neza mubice bya MIMO. Ikibanza kimurika cya antenne cyaciwe cyane, gishyizwe hasi, kandi metasurface ikoreshwa mugutezimbere imikorere ya antenne. Icyifuzo cya prototype ihuriweho na antenna imwe ya MS ifite ibipimo bya 0.58λ × 0.58λ × 0.02λ. Kwigana no gupima ibisubizo byerekana imikorere ya Broadband kuva kuri 3.11 GHz kugeza 7.67 GHz, harimo inyungu nyinshi yagezweho kuri 8 dBi. Sisitemu enye igizwe na sisitemu ya MIMO yateguwe kuburyo buri antenne iba ari orthogonal kuri mugenzi we mugihe ikomeza ubunini buke hamwe numurongo mugari kuva kuri 3.2 kugeza 7.6 GHz. Icyifuzo cya MIMO cyateguwe kandi gihimbwa kuri Rogers RT5880 substrate hamwe nigihombo gito hamwe na miniaturized ya 1.05? 1.05? 0.02?, Kandi imikorere yayo irasuzumwa hifashishijwe icyifuzo cya kare gifunze impeta ya resonator hamwe nimpeta ya 10 x 10. Ibikoresho by'ibanze ni bimwe. Icyifuzo cyo gusubira inyuma metasurface igabanya cyane imirasire yinyuma ya antenne kandi ikoresha imashanyarazi ya electronique, bityo igahindura umurongo, inyungu, no kwigunga ibice bya MIMO. Ugereranije na antenne ya MIMO isanzwe, antenne ya MIMO ifite ibyambu 4 igera ku nyungu nyinshi za 8.3 dBi hamwe nimpuzandengo rusange igera kuri 82% mugice cya 5G sub-6 GHz kandi ihuza neza nibisubizo byapimwe. Byongeye kandi, antenne yatejwe imbere ya MIMO yerekana imikorere myiza mubijyanye na coefficient ya enveloppe ihuza (ECC) iri munsi ya 0.004, inyungu zinyuranye (DG) zingana na 10 dB (> 9.98 dB) hamwe no kwigunga cyane hagati ya MIMO (> 15.5 dB). ibiranga. Niyo mpamvu, antenne ya MIMO ishingiye kuri MS yemeza ko ikoreshwa mu itumanaho rya sub-6 GHz 5G.
Ikoranabuhanga rya 5G ni iterambere ridasanzwe mu itumanaho ridafite insinga rizafasha imiyoboro yihuse kandi itekanye kuri miliyari y’ibikoresho byahujwe, gutanga uburambe bw’abakoresha hamwe n’ubukererwe bwa “zeru” (ubukererwe buri munsi ya milisegonda 1), no kumenyekanisha ikoranabuhanga rishya, harimo na elegitoroniki. Ubuvuzi, uburezi bwubwenge. , imigi yubwenge, amazu yubwenge, ukuri kugaragara (VR), inganda zubwenge na interineti yimodoka (IoV) bihindura ubuzima bwacu, societe ninganda1,2,3. Komisiyo ishinzwe itumanaho muri Amerika (FCC) igabanya umurongo wa 5G mu bice bine bya4. Imirongo yumurongo uri munsi ya 6 GHz irashimishije kubashakashatsi kuko itanga itumanaho rirerire hamwe nibiciro byamakuru 5,6. Kugabanuka kwa Sub-6 GHz 5G kugabura itumanaho rya 5G kwisi yose birerekanwa mumashusho 1, byerekana ko ibihugu byose bitekereza kuri sub-6 GHz ya tereviziyo ya 5G7,8. Antenna nigice cyingenzi cyurusobe rwa 5G kandi izakenera sitasiyo fatizo hamwe na antenne ya terefone.
Microstrip patch antenne ifite ibyiza byo kunanuka no kumiterere, ariko bigarukira mumurongo mugari no kunguka 9,10, kuburyo ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwakozwe kugirango hongerwe inyungu nubunini bwa antene; Mu myaka yashize, metasurfaces (MS) yakoreshejwe cyane muri tekinoroji ya antenne, cyane cyane mu kuzamura inyungu no kwinjiza11,12, ariko, izo antene zigarukira ku cyambu kimwe; Ikoranabuhanga rya MIMO ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu itumanaho ridafite insinga kuko rishobora gukoresha antene nyinshi icyarimwe mu kohereza amakuru, bityo bikazamura igipimo cy’amakuru, imikorere y’ikurikiranwa, ubushobozi bw’umuyoboro, hamwe n’ubwizerwe13,14,15. Antenna ya MIMO irashobora kuba abakandida kubisabwa 5G kuko irashobora kohereza no kwakira amakuru kumiyoboro myinshi idasabye ingufu ziyongera 16,17. Ingaruka yo guhuza hagati yibigize MIMO biterwa nigihe ibintu bya MIMO biherereye hamwe ninyungu za antenna ya MIMO, nikibazo gikomeye kubashakashatsi. Igishushanyo cya 18, 19, na 20 byerekana antenne zitandukanye za MIMO zikorera mu itsinda rya 5G sub-6 GHz, byose byerekana kwigunga kwa MIMO no gukora. Nyamara, inyungu nogukora umurongo wa sisitemu yatanzwe ni mike.
Metamaterials (MMs) ni ibikoresho bishya bitabaho muri kamere kandi bishobora gukoresha imiyoboro ya electronique, bityo bikazamura imikorere ya antene 21,22,23,24. MM ubu ikoreshwa cyane mubuhanga bwa antenne mugutezimbere imirasire, umurongo mugari, kunguka, no kwigunga hagati ya antenna na sisitemu yitumanaho ridafite insinga, nkuko byaganiriweho muri 25, 26, 27, 28. Muri 2029, sisitemu ya MIMO yibintu bine ishingiye. metasurface, aho igice cya antenne gishyizwe hagati ya metasurface nubutaka nta cyuho kirimo, biteza imbere imikorere ya MIMO. Nyamara, iki gishushanyo gifite ubunini bunini, imikorere yo hasi yo hasi nuburyo bugoye. Umuyoboro wa elegitoroniki ya elegitoroniki (EBG) hamwe nubutaka bwashyizwe mubikoresho byateganijwe byerekanwa na porte 2-mugari wa MIMO antenna kugirango tunonosore ibice bya MIMO30. Antenna yateguwe ifite imikorere myiza ya MIMO itandukanye hamwe no kwigunga neza hagati ya antenne ebyiri za MIMO, ariko ukoresheje ibice bibiri gusa bya MIMO, inyungu zizaba nke. Byongeye kandi, muri 31 yanasabye antenna ya ultra-Broadband (UWB) ibyambu bibiri-byambu ya MIMO kandi ikora iperereza ku mikorere yayo ya MIMO ikoresheje metamaterial. Nubwo iyi antenne ishoboye gukora UWB, inyungu zayo ni nke kandi kwigunga hagati ya antene zombi ni bibi. Igikorwa muri32 cyerekana sisitemu ya MIMO ibyambu 2 ikoresha amashanyarazi yerekana amashanyarazi (EBG) kugirango yongere inyungu. Nubwo antenne yateye imbere ifite inyungu nyinshi nibikorwa byiza bitandukanye bya MIMO, ubunini bwayo butuma bigorana mubikoresho byitumanaho bizakurikiraho. Indi antenne ishingiye ku muyoboro mugari wakozwe muri 33, aho urumuri rwashyizwe munsi ya antenne rufite intera nini ya mm 22, rugaragaza inyungu yo hasi ya 4.87 dB. Impapuro 34 zishushanya antenne ya porte ya MIMO ya porogaramu ya mmWave, ihujwe na MS layer kugirango itezimbere ubwigunge ninyungu za sisitemu ya MIMO. Nyamara, iyi antenne itanga inyungu nziza no kwigunga, ariko ifite umuvuduko muke hamwe nubukanishi bubi kubera icyuho kinini cyumwuka. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, muri 2015, antenna ya MIMO igizwe na metero eshatu, ibyambu 4-bikozwe na metasurface ihuriweho na MIMO antenne yakozwe kugirango itumanaho rya mmWave ryunguke 7.4 dBi. B36 MS ikoreshwa inyuma ya antenna ya 5G kugirango yongere antene, aho metasurface ikora nkigaragaza. Nyamara, imiterere ya MS ntisanzwe kandi ntabwo yitaye cyane kumiterere ya selile.
Ukurikije ibisubizo byavuzwe haruguru, nta antenne yavuzwe haruguru ifite inyungu nyinshi, kwigunga neza, imikorere ya MIMO no gukwirakwiza umurongo mugari. Kubwibyo, haracyakenewe antenne ya metasurface MIMO ishobora gukwirakwiza umurongo mugari wa 5G ya ecran ya munsi ya 6 GHz hamwe ninyungu nyinshi no kwigunga. Urebye aho ubuvanganzo bwavuzwe haruguru bugarukira, umurongo mugari wa sisitemu ya antenna ya MIMO igizwe ninyungu nyinshi hamwe n’imikorere itandukanye itandukanye irasabwa kuri sisitemu yo gutumanaho idafite insinga ya 6 GHz. Byongeye kandi, antenne ya MIMO iteganijwe yerekana kwigunga neza hagati ya MIMO, icyuho gito, hamwe nubushobozi buke bwimirasire. Igice cya antenne cyaciwe cyane kandi gishyirwa hejuru ya metasurface hamwe n’ikinyuranyo cy’ikirere cya 12mm, kigaragaza imirasire yinyuma ivuye muri antenne kandi igateza imbere antenne no kuyobora. Mubyongeyeho, antenne imwe yatanzwe ikoreshwa mugukora antenne yibintu bine MIMO hamwe nibikorwa byiza bya MIMO mugushyira buri antenne muburyo bumwe. Antenna yatejwe imbere ya MIMO yahise ishyirwa hejuru ya 10 × 10 MS hamwe numuringa winyuma wumuringa kugirango kunoza imikorere y’ibyuka bihumanya. Igishushanyo kiranga ibikorwa byinshi (3.08-7.75 GHz), inyungu nyinshi za 8.3 dBi hamwe nimpuzandengo rusange yo hejuru ya 82%, hamwe no kwigunga kurenze .5 15.5 dB hagati ya antenna ya MIMO. Antenna yakozwe na MS-MIMO yakozwe igereranwa hifashishijwe porogaramu ya 3D electromagnetic software software CST Studio 2019 kandi yemejwe binyuze mubushakashatsi bwubushakashatsi.
Iki gice gitanga ibisobanuro birambuye kubyubatswe byubatswe hamwe nuburyo bwa antenne yuburyo bukoreshwa. Mubyongeyeho, ibisubizo byagereranijwe kandi byiteganijwe byaganiriweho ku buryo burambuye, harimo gutatanya ibipimo, kunguka, no gukora neza muri rusange hamwe na metasurface. Antenna ya prototype yakozwe kuri Rogers 5880 igabanuka rya dielectric substrate ifite umubyimba wa 1.575mm hamwe na dielectric ihoraho ya 2.2. Gutezimbere no kwigana igishushanyo, paki ya electromagnetic simulator yamashanyarazi CST studio 2019 yakoreshejwe.
Igishushanyo cya 2 cyerekana ubwubatsi nuburyo bwo gushushanya bwa antenne imwe yibintu. Ukurikije imibare ihamye neza 37, antenne igizwe numurongo ugaburirwa umurongo ugaragara hamwe nindege yubutaka bwumuringa (nkuko byasobanuwe muntambwe ya 1) kandi byumvikana numuyoboro mugari cyane kuri 10.8 GHz, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 3b. Ingano yambere ya antenna radiator igenwa numubare ukurikira wimibare37:
Aho \ (P_ {L} \) na \ (P_ {w} \) ni uburebure n'ubugari bwa patch, c byerekana umuvuduko wumucyo, \ (\ gamma_ {r} \) ni dielectric ihoraho ya substrate . , \. Antenna yinyuma yatunganijwe neza mugice cya kabiri, yongerera umurongo wa impedance nubwo yagabanutse cyane ya 10 dB. Mu cyiciro cya gatatu, umwanya wo kugaburira wimuriwe iburyo, utezimbere umurongo wa impedance hamwe na antedance ihuza antenne yatanzwe. Kuri iki cyiciro, antenne yerekana umurongo mugari wa 4 GHz kandi ikora kandi munsi ya 6 GHz muri 5G. Icyiciro cya kane nicyanyuma kirimo guteramo kare kare mu mpande zinyuranye z'imirasire. Uyu mwanya wagura cyane umurongo wa 4.56 GHz kugirango ugere kuri sub-6 GHz 5G kuva kuri 3.11 GHz kugeza kuri 7.67 GHz, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 3b. Icyerekezo cyimbere nicyerekezo cyibishushanyo mbonera byerekanwe mubishushanyo 3a, kandi ibipimo byanyuma byateganijwe bisabwa ni ibi bikurikira: SL = 40 mm, Pw = 18 mm, PL = 18 mm, gL = 12 mm, fL = 11. mm, fW = 4 .7 mm, c1 = mm 2, c2 = 9,65 mm, c3 = 1,65 mm.
(a) Hejuru ninyuma ya antenne yateguwe (CST STUDIO SUITE 2019). (b) S-ibipimo byo gutandukanya.
Metasurface nijambo ryerekeza kumurongo wigihe cyingirangingo ziherereye mumwanya runaka. Metasurfaces nuburyo bwiza bwo kunoza imikorere yimirasire ya antenna, harimo umurongo mugari, inyungu, no kwigunga hagati yibigize MIMO. Bitewe ningaruka zo gukwirakwiza kwizuba hejuru, metasurface itanga izindi resonans zigira uruhare mukuzamura imikorere ya antenna39. Aka kazi kerekana epsilon-mbi metamaterial (MM) ikorera mumurongo wa 5G munsi ya 6 GHz. MM ifite ubuso bwa 8mm × 8mm yakozwe ku gihombo gito Rogers 5880 substrate hamwe na dielectric ihoraho ya 2,2 nubugari bwa 1.575mm. Ibikoresho byiza bya MM resonator bigizwe nimpeta yimbere izengurutswe ihujwe nimpeta ebyiri zahinduwe zo hanze, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 4a. Igicapo 4a cerekana muri make ibipimo byanyuma byateganijwe byashyizweho MM. Nyuma yaho, 40 × 40 mm na 80 × 80 mm metasurface yubatswe byakozwe nta mugongo wumuringa hamwe numuringa winyuma ukoresheje 5 × 5 na 10 × 10 selile. Imiterere ya MM yatanzwe hifashishijwe urugero rwa 3D electromagnetic yerekana software "CST studio suite 2019". Porotipire yahimbwe yuburyo bwateganijwe bwa MM array hamwe no gupima ibipimo (ibyerekezo bibiri byumuyoboro wisesengura PNA hamwe nicyambu cya waveguide) byerekanwe mubishusho 4b kugirango byemeze ibisubizo byigero bya CST usesenguye igisubizo nyacyo. Igipimo cyo gupima cyakoresheje Agilent PNA y'uruhererekane rw'isesengura ry'urusobekerane hamwe na adaptate ebyiri zo mu bwoko bwa coaxial (A-INFOMW, nimero y'igice: 187WCAS) kohereza no kwakira ibimenyetso. Porotipire 5 × 5 yashyizwe hagati ya adaptate ebyiri ya coxial adaptate ihujwe numuyoboro wa coaxial hamwe nisesengura ryibyambu bibiri (Agilent PNA N5227A). Agilent N4694-60001 kalibrasi ikoreshwa muguhindura isesengura ryurusobe muruganda rwicyitegererezo. Ikigereranyo na CST byarebaga ibice byo gukwirakwiza porotipi ya MM igaragara byerekanwe mubishusho 5a. Birashobora kugaragara ko imiterere ya MM iteganijwe yumvikana mumurongo wa 5G uri munsi ya 6 GHz. Nubwo itandukaniro rito mumurongo wa 10 dB, ibisubizo byagereranijwe nibigeragezo birasa cyane. Umuyoboro wa resonant, umurongo, hamwe na amplitude ya resonance yagaragaye biratandukanye gato nibyigana, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo 5a. Itandukaniro riri hagati y ibisubizo byigana kandi byigana biterwa nubusembwa bwo gukora, gutandukana guto hagati ya prototype nicyambu cya waveguide, ingaruka zifatika hagati yicyambu cya waveguide nibice bigize umurongo, hamwe no kwihanganira gupima. Mubyongeyeho, gushyira muburyo bukwiye prototype yatejwe imbere hagati yicyambu cya waveguide muburyo bwo kugerageza bishobora kuvamo resonance ihinduka. Byongeye kandi, urusaku rutifuzwa rwagaragaye mugihe cya kalibrasi, ibyo bikaba byaratumye habaho itandukaniro riri hagati yumubare wapimwe. Ariko, usibye izo ngorane, icyifuzo cya MM array prototype ikora neza kubera isano ikomeye iri hagati yo kwigana no kugerageza, bigatuma ikwiranye na sub-6 GHz 5G itumanaho rya terefone.
. STUDIO SUITE)) 2019) (b) Ifoto ya MM gupima ibipimo.
(a) Kwigana no kugenzura ibice bitandukanya imirongo ya prototype ya metamaterial. (b) Dielectric ihoraho umurongo wa selile ya MM.
Ibipimo bifatika nkibikorwa bya dielectrici bihoraho, magnetique yinjira, hamwe nindangagaciro zivunagura byakozwe hifashishijwe tekinoroji yubatswe nyuma yo gutunganya amashanyarazi ya CST electromagnetic simulator kugirango irusheho gusesengura imyitwarire ya selile ya MM. Ibipimo byiza bya MM biboneka mubintu bitatanye ukoresheje uburyo bukomeye bwo kwiyubaka. Ihererekanyabubasha rikurikira hamwe na coefficient de coiffe: (3) na (4) birashobora gukoreshwa kugirango hamenyekane indangantego yo kwangirika no gutambuka (reba 40).
Ibice nyabyo nibitekerezo byumukoresha bigaragazwa na (.) 'Na (.) ”, Hamwe numubare wuzuye m uhuye nigipimo nyacyo cyo kwanga. Dielectric ihoraho kandi ihindagurika igenwa na formula \ (\ varepsilon {} = {} n / z, \) na \ (\ mu = nz \), zishingiye kuburizamo no kwanga. Imikorere myiza ya dielectric ihoraho yumurongo wa MM irerekanwa mumashusho 5b. Kuri radiyo yumurongo, dielectric ihoraho ikora nabi. Igishushanyo cya 6a, b yerekana indangagaciro zavomwe zingirakamaro (μ) hamwe nigipimo cyiza cyo kwangirika (n) cya selile yatanzwe. Ikigaragara ni uko ibyakuweho byerekana indangagaciro nziza zegeranye na zeru, zemeza imitungo ya epsilon-mbi (ENG) yimiterere ya MM yatanzwe. Byongeye kandi, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 6a, resonance kuri permeability hafi ya zeru ifitanye isano cyane na rezanse yumurongo. Ingirabuzimafatizo yateye imbere ifite indangagaciro mbi (Igishusho 6b), bivuze ko MM yatanzwe ishobora gukoreshwa mugutezimbere antenne 21,41.
Porotipire yatejwe imbere ya antenne imwe ya Broadband yahimbwe kugirango igerageze kugerageza igishushanyo mbonera. Igishushanyo cya 7a, b yerekana amashusho ya antotype imwe yatanzwe, ibice byayo byubatswe hamwe no gupima hafi yumurima (SATIMO). Kunoza imikorere ya antenne, metasurface yateye imbere ishyirwa mubice munsi ya antene, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 8a, hamwe n'uburebure h. Imirongo imwe ya 40mm x 40mm ya metero ebyiri zashyizwe kumurongo wa antenne imwe kuri 12mm intera. Byongeye kandi, metasurface ifite indege yinyuma ishyirwa kuruhande rwinyuma ya antenne imwe intera ya mm 12. Nyuma yo gukoresha metasurface, antenne imwe yerekana iterambere ryinshi mubikorwa, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 1 nicya 2. Igishushanyo cya 8 nicya 9. Igishushanyo cya 8b cyerekana ibibanza byerekana kandi byapimwe kuri antenne imwe idafite kandi ifite metasurface. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko umurongo wo gukwirakwiza antenne ufite metasurface usa cyane na bande yo gukwirakwiza antenne idafite metasurface. Igishushanyo cya 9a, b yerekana igereranya ryagereranijwe kandi ryiteganijwe ryunguka antenne hamwe nubushobozi rusange nta na MS mubikorwa bikora. Birashobora kugaragara ko, ugereranije na antenne itari metasurface, inyungu ya antenne metasurface iratera imbere kuburyo bugaragara, ikava kuri 5.15 dBi ikagera kuri 8 dBi. Inyungu ya metasurface imwe, metasurface ebyiri, na antenne imwe hamwe na metasurface yinyuma yiyongereyeho 6 dBi, 6.9 dBi, na 8 dBi. Ugereranije nizindi metasurface (imwe-imwe na MC-ebyiri-MCs), inyungu ya antenne imwe ya metasurface imwe hamwe numuringa wumuringa ugera kuri 8 dBi. Muri iki gihe, metasurface ikora nkigaragaza, igabanya imishwarara yinyuma ya antenne kandi igakoresha imiraba ya electromagnetique mugice cya kabiri, bityo ikongera imishwarara ya antenne bityo bikunguka. Ubushakashatsi bwibikorwa rusange bya antenne imwe idafite kandi hamwe na metasurface irerekanwa mumashusho 9b. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko imikorere ya antenne hamwe na metasurface ntaho ihuriye. Mugihe cyo hasi yumurongo, antenne ikora igabanuka gato. Inyungu zigeragezwa kandi zigereranijwe ninyungu zingirakamaro zirahuza neza. Nyamara, hari itandukaniro rito hagati y ibisubizo byagereranijwe kandi byageragejwe kubera inenge zakozwe, kwihanganira ibipimo, gutakaza icyambu cya SMA, no gutakaza insinga. Mubyongeyeho, antenne na MS reflektori biri hagati ya nylon icyogajuru, nikindi kibazo kigira ingaruka kubisubizo byagaragaye ugereranije nibisubizo byikigereranyo.
Igishushanyo (a) cyerekana antenne yuzuye hamwe nibiyigize. (b) Hafi yumurima wo gupima (SATIMO).
(a) Ibyishimo bya Antenna ukoresheje ibyuma byerekana metasurface (CST STUDIO SUITE 2019). (b) Kugereranya no kugerageza kwerekana antenne imwe idafite na MS.
Kwigana no gupima ibisubizo bya (a) inyungu yagezweho na (b) imikorere rusange ya antenne ya metasurface yatanzwe.
Isesengura ryibishushanyo ukoresheje MS. Antenna imwe hafi yo gupima umurima yakorewe muri SATIMO Hafi yubushakashatsi bwibidukikije bwa UKM SATIMO Laboratoire Yegereye-Field. Igishushanyo cya 10a, b cyerekana imishwarara ya E-indege na H-indege ya 5.5 GHz kuri antenne imwe yatanzwe hamwe na MS. Antenne imwe yatejwe imbere (idafite MS) itanga imirasire ihamye yuburyo bubiri hamwe nagaciro ka lobe. Nyuma yo gukoresha icyerekezo cya MS cyerekana, antenne itanga imishwarara idafite icyerekezo kandi igabanya urwego rwinyuma yinyuma, nkuko bigaragara mumashusho 10a, b. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko imishwarara ya antenne imwe yatanzwe ihagaze neza kandi iterekanijwe hamwe na lobes yo hasi cyane no kuruhande iyo ukoresheje metasurface hamwe numuringa winyuma. Icyifuzo cya MM cyerekana icyerekezo kigabanya inyuma ninyuma ya antene mugihe cyo kunoza imikorere yimirasire iyobora icyerekezo cyerekezo kimwe (Ishusho 10a, b), bityo bikongerera inyungu nubuyobozi. Byagaragaye ko uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza imirasire yubushakashatsi bwagereranijwe nubwa CST, ariko butandukanye gato bitewe no kudahuza ibice bitandukanye byateranijwe, kwihanganira gupima, no gutakaza cabling. Hiyongereyeho, icyuma cya nylon cyinjijwe hagati ya antenne na ecran ya MS, nikindi kibazo kigira ingaruka kubisubizo byagaragaye ugereranije nibisubizo byumubare.
Imirasire ya antenne imwe yateye imbere (idafite MS hamwe na MS) kuri 5.5 GHz yagereranijwe kandi irageragezwa.
Icyifuzo cya MIMO antenna geometrie cyerekanwe mubishusho 11 kandi kirimo antene enye. Ibice bine bigize antenne ya MIMO bitunganijwe hagati yundi kuri substrate yubunini bwa 80 × 80 × 1.575 mm, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 11. Antenna yateguwe ya MIMO ifite intera ihuriweho na mm 22, ikaba ntoya kuruta i intera ihuye intera ihuriweho na antenne. Antenna ya MIMO yateye imbere. Mubyongeyeho, igice cyindege yubutaka giherereye kimwe na antene imwe. Indangagaciro zo kwerekana antenne ya MIMO (S11, S22, S33, na S44) zerekanwa ku gishushanyo cya 12a zigaragaza imyitwarire imwe na antenne imwe yibintu byumvikana mu itsinda rya 3.2-7.6 GHz. Kubwibyo, inzitizi ya impedance ya antenna ya MIMO isa neza neza na antenne imwe. Ingaruka yo guhuza ibice bya MIMO nimpamvu nyamukuru yo gutakaza umurongo muto wa antenne ya MIMO. Igicapo 12b cerekana ingaruka zo guhuza ibice bya MIMO, aho hashyizweho akato keza hagati yibigize MIMO. Kwitandukanya hagati ya antene 1 na 2 ni yo hasi cyane kuri -13,6 dB, kandi gutandukanya antene 1 na 4 nibyo hejuru cyane kuri -30.4 dB. Bitewe nubunini bwacyo nubunini bwagutse, iyi antenne ya MIMO ifite inyungu nke kandi yinjira hasi. Gukwirakwiza ni bike, bityo rero kongera imbaraga no gukingirwa birakenewe;
Igishushanyo mbonera cya antenna ya MIMO yatanzwe (a) kureba hejuru na (b) indege y'ubutaka. (CST Studio Suite 2019).
Uburyo bwa geometrike hamwe nuburyo bwo gushimisha antenne ya metasurface ya MIMO yerekanwe mubishusho 13a. Matrix ya 10x10mm ifite ubunini bwa 80x80x1.575mm yagenewe uruhande rwinyuma rwa antenna ya 12mm yo hejuru ya MIMO, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 13a. Byongeye kandi, metasurfaces hamwe nindege zumuringa zigenewe gukoreshwa muri antenne ya MIMO kugirango tunoze imikorere. Intera iri hagati ya metasurface na antenne ya MIMO ningirakamaro kugirango umuntu agere ku nyungu nyinshi mugihe yemerera kwivanga kwubaka hagati yumuraba watewe na antenne hamwe nibigaragara kuri metasurface. Icyitegererezo kinini cyakozwe kugirango hongerwe uburebure hagati ya antenne na metasurface mugihe hagumyeho ibihembwe-bine byunguka byinshi no kwigunga hagati ya MIMO. Iterambere ryibonekeje mumikorere ya antenna ya MIMO yagezweho ukoresheje metasurface hamwe nindege ugereranije na metasurface idafite inyuma yindege bizerekanwa mubice bikurikira.
(a.
Kugaragaza antenne ya MIMO hamwe na metasurface idafite kandi igaragara ku gishushanyo cya 13b, aho S11 na S44 byerekanwe kubera imyitwarire isa na antenne zose muri sisitemu ya MIMO. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko -10 dB impedance yumurongo wa antenne ya MIMO idafite kandi hamwe na metasurface imwe isa nkaho. Ibinyuranye, umurongo wa impedance ya antenne yatanzwe ya MIMO itezwa imbere na MS-ebyiri na MS ya backplane. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko hatabayeho MS, antenne ya MIMO itanga umurongo mugari wa 81.5% (3.2-7.6 GHz) ugereranije numurongo wo hagati. Kwinjiza MS hamwe nindege yinyuma byongera umurongo wa impedance ya antenna ya MIMO iteganijwe kugera kuri 86.3% (3.08–7,75 GHz). Nubwo ibice bibiri MS byongera ibicuruzwa, iterambere ntiriri munsi ya MS hamwe numuringa winyuma. Byongeye kandi, ibice bibiri MC byongera ubunini bwa antene, byongera igiciro cyabyo, kandi bigabanya intera yabyo. Igishushanyo mbonera cya MIMO antenne na metasurface yerekana ibyakozwe kandi bigenzurwa kugirango byemeze ibisubizo byikigereranyo no gusuzuma imikorere nyayo. Igicapo 14a cerekana urwego rwa MS rwahimbwe hamwe na antenna ya MIMO hamwe nibintu bitandukanye byakusanyirijwe hamwe, mugihe ishusho 14b yerekana ifoto ya sisitemu ya MIMO yateye imbere. Antenna ya MIMO yashyizwe hejuru ya metasurface ikoresheje ibyogajuru bine bya nylon, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 14b. Igicapo 15a cerekana ifoto yerekana hafi-yumurima wubushakashatsi bwa sisitemu ya antenna ya MIMO yateye imbere. Isesengura ry'urusobe rwa PNA (Agilent Technologies PNA N5227A) ryakoreshejwe mu kugereranya ibipimo bitatanye no gusuzuma no kuranga ibiranga imyuka ihumanya ikirere muri UKM SATIMO Laboratoire Yegereye-Field.
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Iki gice kirerekana ubushakashatsi bugereranya bwa S-ibipimo bya antenna ya 5G MIMO yatanzwe. Igicapo 15b cerekana umugambi wo kwerekana igeragezwa rya antenne ya 4-igizwe na MIMO MS kandi ikagereranya nibisubizo bya CST. Ibitekerezo byubushakashatsi byagaragaye ko bisa nkibara rya CST, ariko byari bitandukanye gato kubera inenge zakozwe no kwihanganira ubushakashatsi. Byongeye kandi, ibyagaragaye byerekanwe kuri porotipiki ya MIMO ishingiye kuri MS ikubiyemo umurongo wa 5G uri munsi ya 6 GHz hamwe n’umuvuduko wa 4.8 GHz, bivuze ko gusaba 5G bishoboka. Nyamara, ibipimo byapimwe resonant yumurongo, umurongo mugari, hamwe na amplitude bitandukanye gato nibisubizo bya CST. Gukora inenge, coax-to-SMA igihombo cyo guhuza, hamwe no gupima hanze hanze bishobora gutera itandukaniro hagati y ibisubizo byapimwe kandi byagereranijwe. Nubwo, nubwo hari ibitagenda neza, icyifuzo cya MIMO gikora neza, gitanga amasezerano akomeye hagati yikigereranyo n'ibipimo, bigatuma bikwiranye na sub-6 GHz 5G ya porogaramu idafite umugozi.
Ikigereranyo cya MIMO antenna yunguka umurongo irerekanwa mumashusho ya 2 na 2. Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 16a, b na 17a, b, kimwe, imikoranire yibigize MIMO irerekanwa. Iyo metasurface ikoreshwa kuri antenne ya MIMO, kwigunga hagati ya antene ya MIMO biratera imbere cyane. Ibibanza byo kwigunga hagati ya antenna yegeranye S12, S14, S23 na S34 byerekana imirongo isa, mugihe antenna ya MIMO ya diagonal S13 na S42 yerekana kwigunga cyane kubera intera nini hagati yabo. Ikigereranyo cyogukwirakwiza kiranga antene yegeranye irerekanwa mumashusho 16a. Twabibutsa ko muri 5G ikora munsi ya 6 GHz, kwigunga byibuze antenne ya MIMO idafite metasurface ni -13,6 dB, naho kuri metasurface ifite indege - 15.5 dB. Umugambi wo kunguka (Igicapo 16a) werekana ko metasurface yinyuma itezimbere cyane kwigunga hagati ya antenna ya MIMO ugereranije na metasurface imwe. Kubintu bya antenne yegeranye, metasurface imwe-na-ebyiri-itanga byibuze kwigunga hafi ya -13,68 dB na -14,78 dB, naho metasurface yumuringa itanga hafi -15.5 dB.
Kwigana kwigana gutandukanya ibintu bya MIMO bidafite urwego rwa MS hamwe na MS layer: (a) S12, S14, S34 na S32 na (b) S13 na S24.
Ubushakashatsi bwunguka umurongo wa antenne ya MIMO ishingiye kuri MS idafite kandi hamwe na: (a) S12, S14, S34 na S32 na (b) S13 na S24.
Antenna ya MIMO diagonal yunguka ibibanza mbere na nyuma yo kongeramo MS igaragara mubishusho 16b. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko kwigunga byibuze hagati ya antenne ya diagonal idafite metasurface (antene 1 na 3) ni - 15,6 dB murwego rwo gukora, naho metasurface ifite indege ni - 18 dB. Uburyo bwa metasurface bugabanya cyane ingaruka zo guhuza hagati ya antenna ya MIMO ya diagonal. Umubare ntarengwa wa metasurface imwe -37 dB, mugihe kubice bibiri-metasurface agaciro kamanuka kuri -47 dB. Kwigunga kwinshi kwa metasurface hamwe numuringa winyuma ni −36.2 dB, bigabanuka hamwe no kwiyongera kwinshuro. Ugereranije na metasurface imwe- na kabiri-idafite metasurfaces idafite inyuma, metasurface hamwe ninyuma yinyuma itanga ubwigunge buhebuje murwego rwose rusabwa rwo gukora, cyane cyane mumurongo wa 5G uri munsi ya 6 GHz, nkuko bigaragara mumashusho 16a, b. Mubice bizwi cyane kandi bikoreshwa cyane 5G munsi ya 6 GHz (3,5 GHz), metasurface imwe imwe kandi ibiri ifite ubwigunge buke hagati yibigize MIMO kuruta metasurface ifite umuringa winyuma (hafi ya MS) (reba Ishusho 16a), b). Ibipimo byunguka byerekanwe mubishushanyo 17a, b, byerekana kwigunga kwa antene yegeranye (S12, S14, S34 na S32) hamwe na antene ya diagonal (S24 na S13). Nkuko bigaragara kuri iyi mibare (Igicapo 17a, b), kwigunga kugerageza hagati yibigize MIMO biremeranya neza no kwigunga. Nubwo hari itandukaniro rito hagati yimiterere ya CST yapimwe kandi yapimwe kubera inenge zakozwe, guhuza icyambu cya SMA no gutakaza insinga. Mubyongeyeho, antenne na MS reflektori biri hagati ya nylon icyogajuru, nikindi kibazo kigira ingaruka kubisubizo byagaragaye ugereranije nibisubizo byikigereranyo.
yize ikwirakwizwa ryubuso kuri 5.5 GHz kugirango yumve neza uruhare rwa metasurface muguhuza imikoranire binyuze mukurwanya umuyaga hejuru. Ikwirakwizwa ryikwirakwizwa rya antenna ya MIMO ryerekanwe ku gishushanyo cya 18, aho antenne 1 itwarwa naho antenne isigaye ikarangizwa nu mutwaro wa 50 ohm. Iyo antenne 1 ifite ingufu, imbaraga zingirakamaro zifatika zizagaragara kuri antene yegeranye kuri 5.5 GHz mugihe hatabayeho metasurface, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 18a. Ibinyuranye na byo, binyuze mu gukoresha metasurface, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 18b - d, kwigunga hagati ya antene yegeranye biratera imbere. Twabibutsa ko ingaruka zo guhuza imirima yegeranye zishobora kugabanuka mugukwirakwiza imiyoboro ihuza impeta zegeranye zingirabuzimafatizo hamwe na selile ya MS yegeranye na MS murwego rwa MS. Gutera amashanyarazi kuva antenne yagabanijwe kubice bya MS nuburyo bwingenzi bwo kunoza akato hagati yibigize MIMO. Nkigisubizo, guhuza imiyoboro hagati ya MIMO bigabanutse cyane, kandi kwigunga nabyo biratera imbere cyane. Kuberako umurima wo guhuza ukwirakwizwa cyane mubintu, umuringa winyuma wumuringa metasurface utandukanya inteko ya antenna ya MIMO cyane kuruta metasurface imwe (ebyiri 18). Byongeye kandi, antenne ya MIMO yatejwe imbere ifite abantu bake cyane kandi bakwirakwiza impande zombi, bitanga uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza imirasire iterekanijwe, bityo bikongerera inyungu antenne yatanzwe na MIMO.
Ubuso bugezweho bwa antenne ya MIMO yatanzwe kuri 5.5 GHz (a) idafite MC, (b) MC imwe-imwe, (c) MC-ebyiri-MC, na (d) MC-imwe-imwe MC hamwe numuringa winyuma. (CST Studio Suite 2019).
Mubikorwa bikora, Igicapo 19a cerekana inyungu zagereranijwe kandi zitegerejwe kuri antenne ya MIMO yateguwe nta na metasurface. Inyungu zagereranijwe zunguka antenne ya MIMO idafite metasurface ni 5.4 dBi, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 19a. Bitewe ningaruka zo guhuza hagati yibigize MIMO, antenne yatanzwe ya MIMO mubyukuri igera kuri 0.25 dBi yunguka kuruta antene imwe. Kwiyongera kwa metasurface birashobora gutanga inyungu zikomeye no kwigunga hagati ya MIMO. Niyo mpamvu, antenne ya metasurface ya MIMO irashobora kugera ku nyungu igaragara igera kuri 8.3 dBi. Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 19a, iyo metasurface imwe ikoreshwa inyuma ya antenna ya MIMO, inyungu yiyongera kuri 1.4 dBi. Iyo metasurface yikubye kabiri, inyungu yiyongera kuri 2,1 dBi, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 19a. Nyamara, ibyateganijwe byunguka byinshi 8.3 dBi bigerwaho mugihe ukoresheje metasurface hamwe numuringa winyuma. Ikigaragara ni uko inyungu nini yagezweho kuri metasurface imwe-imwe na kabiri-metasurfaces ni 6.8 dBi na 7.5 dBi, mugihe inyungu nini yagezweho kubutaka bwo hasi ni 8.3 dBi. Igice cya metasurface kuruhande rwinyuma ya antene ikora nkigaragaza, ikagaragaza imirasire iturutse kuruhande rwinyuma ya antenne kandi igateza imbere imbere-inyuma (F / B) igipimo cya antenne ya MIMO yagenewe. Byongeye kandi, indangururamajwi ya MS yerekana imbaraga ikoresha amashanyarazi ya elegitoroniki mu cyiciro, bityo bigatuma habaho rezonanse kandi ikanoza imikorere yimirasire ya antenna ya MIMO. Imashini ya MS yashyizwe inyuma ya antenna ya MIMO irashobora kongera cyane inyungu zagezweho, ibyo bikaba byemezwa nibisubizo byubushakashatsi. Inyungu zagaragaye kandi zigereranijwe za prototype ya MIMO yateye imbere irasa nkaho, ariko, mubihe bimwe na bimwe inyungu zapimwe zirenze inyungu zagereranijwe, cyane cyane kuri MIMO idafite MS; Uku guhindagurika mubyunguko byubushakashatsi biterwa no kwihanganira ibipimo bya nylon padi, gutakaza insinga, hamwe no guhuza sisitemu ya antenna. Impinga yapimye inyungu ya antenna ya MIMO idafite metasurface ni 5.8 dBi, mugihe metasurface hamwe numuringa winyuma ni 8.5 dBi. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko gahunda ya antenna ya MIMO yuzuye ya port-4 hamwe na MS reflektor yerekana inyungu nyinshi mugihe cyubushakashatsi numubare.
Kwigana no kugerageza ibisubizo bya (a) inyungu yagezweho na (b) imikorere rusange ya antenna ya MIMO yatanzwe hamwe ningaruka za metasurface.
Igicapo 19b cerekana imikorere rusange ya sisitemu ya MIMO iteganijwe nta na metasurface yerekana. Mu gishushanyo cya 19b, imikorere yo hasi ukoresheje MS ifite indege yari hejuru ya 73% (kumanuka kugera kuri 84%). Muri rusange imikorere ya antenne ya MIMO yateye imbere idafite MC hamwe na MC irasa nkaho itandukaniro rito ugereranije nagaciro kagereranijwe. Impamvu zibitera nukwihanganira gupima no gukoresha icyogajuru hagati ya antenne na ecran ya MS. Ibipimo byagezweho byagezweho hamwe nubushobozi muri rusange mubihe byose bisa nkibisubizo byigana, byerekana ko imikorere ya prototype ya MIMO iteganijwe nkuko byari byitezwe kandi ko antenne ya MIMO ishingiye kuri MS ikwiranye n’itumanaho rya 5G. Bitewe namakosa mubushakashatsi bwubushakashatsi, itandukaniro riri hagati y ibisubizo rusange byubushakashatsi bwa laboratoire nibisubizo byikigereranyo. Imikorere ya prototype yatanzwe iterwa no kudahuza hagati ya antenne na SMA umuhuza, igihombo cya kabili coaxial igabanywa, ingaruka zo kugurisha, hamwe no kuba ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bitandukanye muburyo bwo kugerageza.
Igishushanyo cya 20 gisobanura igishushanyo mbonera nogutezimbere iterambere rya antenne yavuzwe muburyo bwo gushushanya. Igishushanyo mbonera gitanga intambwe-ku-ntambwe ibisobanuro byerekana amahame ya antenna ya MIMO yatanzwe, kimwe nibipimo bigira uruhare runini mugutezimbere antenne kugirango ugere ku nyungu zisabwa no kwigunga cyane hejuru yumurongo mugari.
Ibipimo bya antenna ya MIMO yegereye umurima byapimwe muri SATIMO Ibidukikije Byageragejwe Ibidukikije muri Laboratwari ya UKM SATIMO. Igishushanyo cya 21a, b cyerekana imiterere ya E-indege na H-indege yerekana imishwarara ya antenna ya MIMO ivugwa hamwe na MS idafite na 5.5 GHz. Mubikorwa byinshyi ya 5.5 GHz, antenne yateye imbere itari MS MIMO itanga uburyo bwimirasire yibyerekezo byombi hamwe nagaciro ka lobe. Nyuma yo gukoresha imashini ya MS, antenne itanga imirasire idafite icyerekezo kandi igabanya urwego rwinyuma yinyuma, nkuko bigaragara mumashusho 21a, b. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko ukoresheje metasurface ifite umuringa winyuma wumuringa, uburyo bwa antenna ya MIMO buteganijwe burahagaze neza kandi buterekanijwe kuruta nta MS, hamwe ninyuma yinyuma ninyuma. Icyerekezo cya MM cyerekana icyerekezo kigabanya inyuma yinyuma no kuruhande rwa antene kandi ikanatezimbere ibiranga imirasire iyobora icyerekezo cyerekezo kimwe (Ishusho 21a, b), bityo bikongerera inyungu nubuyobozi. Imirasire yapimwe yabonetse kubicyambu 1 hamwe na 50 ohm umutwaro uhujwe nibyambu bisigaye. Byagaragaye ko uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza imirasire yubushakashatsi bwari busa nubwa CST, nubwo hari gutandukana bitewe no kudahuza ibice, gutekereza ku byambu bya terefone, no gutakaza umurongo wa kabili. Byongeye kandi, icyuma cya nylon cyinjijwe hagati ya antenne na ecran ya MS, nikindi kibazo kigira ingaruka kubisubizo byagaragaye ugereranije nibisubizo byahanuwe.
Imirasire ya antenna ya MIMO yateye imbere (idafite MS na MS) kuri 5.5 GHz yagereranijwe kandi irageragezwa.
Ni ngombwa kumenya ko kwigunga kw'ibyambu n'ibiranga bifitanye isano ari ngombwa mugihe dusuzuma imikorere ya sisitemu ya MIMO. Imikorere itandukanye ya sisitemu ya MIMO iteganijwe, harimo coefficente ihuza ibahasha (ECC) hamwe ninyungu zinyuranye (DG), irasuzumwa kugirango igaragaze imbaraga za sisitemu antenna ya MIMO yateguwe. ECC na DG ya antenna ya MIMO irashobora gukoreshwa mugusuzuma imikorere yayo kuko nibintu byingenzi byimikorere ya sisitemu ya MIMO. Ibice bikurikira bizasobanura neza ibiranga antenne ya MIMO yatanzwe.
Ibahasha yo guhuza ibahasha (ECC). Iyo usuzumye sisitemu iyo ari yo yose ya MIMO, ECC igena urwego ibintu bigize ibice bifitanye isano bijyanye nimiterere yihariye. Rero, ECC yerekana urwego rwo kwigunga mumiyoboro itumanaho idafite umugozi. ECC (ibahasha ihuza ibahasha) ya sisitemu ya MIMO yateye imbere irashobora kugenwa hashingiwe kuri S-ibipimo hamwe n’ibyuka bihumanya. Kuva Eq. (7) na (8) ECC ya antenna ya MIMO yatanzwe 31 irashobora kugenwa.
Coefficient yo kugaragarizwa ihagarariwe na Sii naho Sij igereranya coefficient de transfert. Imiterere yimirasire-itatu ya antenne ya j-th na i-th itangwa nijambo \ (\ vec {R} _ {j} \ ibumoso ({\ theta, \ varphi} \ iburyo) \) na \ ( \ vec {{R_ {i}}} Inguni ikomeye ihagarariwe na \ ibumoso ({\ theta, \ varphi} \ iburyo) \) na \ ({\ Omega} \). ECC umurongo wa antenne yatanzwe irerekanwa mumashusho 22a kandi agaciro kayo kari munsi ya 0.004, kari munsi yagaciro kemewe na 0.5 kuri sisitemu idafite umugozi. Kubwibyo, kugabanuka kwa ECC bivuze ko gahunda ya 4 ya port ya MIMO itanga itandukaniro ryinshi43.
Inyungu zinyuranye (DG) DG nubundi buryo bwo gukora sisitemu ya MIMO isobanura uburyo gahunda itandukanye igira ingaruka kumirasire. Isano (9) igena umuyobozi wa sisitemu ya antenna ya MIMO itezwa imbere, nkuko byasobanuwe muri 31.
Igicapo 22b cerekana igishushanyo cya DG cya sisitemu ya MIMO yatanzwe, aho agaciro ka DG kari hafi ya 10 dB. Indangagaciro za DG za antene zose za sisitemu ya MIMO yateguwe irenga 9.98 dB.
Imbonerahamwe 1 igereranya antenne ya metasurface ya MIMO hamwe na sisitemu ya MIMO iherutse gukora. Kugereranya hitabwa ku mikorere itandukanye, harimo umurongo mugari, kunguka, kwigunga kwinshi, gukora neza, hamwe nibikorwa bitandukanye. Abashakashatsi berekanye protenna zitandukanye za MIMO antenna hamwe ninyungu zo kongera no kwigunga muri 5, 44, 45, 46, 47. Ugereranije nimirimo yatangajwe mbere, sisitemu ya MIMO yatanzwe hamwe na ecran ya metasurface irabarusha muburyo bwagutse, inyungu, no kwigunga. Byongeye kandi, ugereranije na antenne isa yavuzwe, sisitemu yateye imbere ya MIMO yerekana imikorere itandukanye kandi ikora neza muri rusange. Nubwo antene zasobanuwe mu gice cya 5.46 zifite ubwigunge burenze ubwa antenne twasabye, izi antene zibabazwa nubunini bunini, inyungu nkeya, umuvuduko muke, hamwe n’imikorere mibi ya MIMO. Antenna ya port-4 ya MIMO yatanzwe muri 45 yerekana inyungu nyinshi kandi ikora neza, ariko igishushanyo cyayo gifite ubwigunge buke, ubunini bunini, nuburyo butandukanye butandukanye. Kurundi ruhande, sisitemu ntoya ya antenne yatanzwe muri 47 ifite inyungu nke cyane kandi ikora umurongo mugari, mugihe icyifuzo cyacu cya MS gishingiye kuri port-4 ya MIMO cyerekana ubunini buto, inyungu nyinshi, kwigunga cyane hamwe no gukora neza MIMO. Niyo mpamvu, antenne ya metasurface ya MIMO irashobora guhinduka abahatanira sisitemu yo gutumanaho munsi ya 6 GHz 5G.
Imiyoboro ine-metasurface yerekana-ishingiye kuri Broadband MIMO antenna hamwe ninyungu nyinshi hamwe no kwigunga birasabwa gushyigikira porogaramu 5G iri munsi ya 6 GHz. Umurongo wa microstrip ugaburira kwaduka kare kare, igabanywa na kare kuri diagonal. Icyifuzo cya MS na antenna cyoherejwe gishyirwa mubikorwa ibikoresho bya substrate bisa na Rogers RT5880 kugirango bigerweho neza muri sisitemu yitumanaho yihuta 5G. Antenna ya MIMO igaragaramo intera nini ninyungu nyinshi, kandi itanga ubwigunge bwumvikana hagati yibigize MIMO nibikorwa byiza. Antenna imwe yateye imbere ifite ibipimo bya 0.58? 0.58? 0.02? hamwe na 5 × 5 metasurface array, itanga ubugari bwa 4.56 GHz ikora, 8 dBi yunguka kandi ikora neza. Icyifuzo cya porte enye ya MIMO antenna (2 × 2 array) yateguwe muguhuza uburyo buri antenne imwe yatanzwe hamwe nindi antenne ifite ubunini bwa 1.05λ × 1.05λ × 0.02λ. Birasabwa guteranya umurongo wa 10 × 10 MM munsi ya antenna ya 12mm ya MIMO, ishobora kugabanya imirasire yinyuma no kugabanya imikoranire hagati yibigize MIMO, bityo bigatuma inyungu no kwigunga. Ibisubizo byubushakashatsi no kwigana byerekana ko prototype yakozwe na MIMO ishobora gukora mumurongo mugari wa 3.08–7,75 GHz, ikubiyemo 5G munsi ya 6 GHz. Byongeye kandi, antenne ya MIMO ishingiye kuri MS itezimbere inyungu zayo kuri 2,9 dBi, igera ku nyungu nini ya 8.3 dBi, kandi itanga ubwigunge buhebuje (> 15.5 dB) hagati yibice bya MIMO, byemeza uruhare rwa MS. Hiyongereyeho, antenne ya MIMO iteganijwe ifite impuzandengo yo hejuru ya 82% hamwe nintera ntoya ya 22 mm. Antenna yerekana imikorere myiza ya MIMO itandukanye harimo na DG muremure cyane (hejuru ya 9,98 dB), ECC yo hasi cyane (munsi ya 0.004) hamwe nimirasire idafite icyerekezo. Ibisubizo byo gupima birasa cyane nibisubizo byigana. Ibi biranga byemeza ko sisitemu ya antenna ya MIMO yateye imbere irashobora kuba amahitamo meza kuri sisitemu yitumanaho ya 5G murwego rwo munsi ya 6 GHz.
Cowin irashobora gutanga antenna 400-4000MHz mugari wa PCB, hamwe ninkunga yo gukora antenne nshya ukurikije ibyo usabwa, nyamuneka twandikire nta gutindiganya niba hari icyo ubisabye.